Identify one key principle of data security.

The principle of least privilege access is fundamental in data security because it restricts user permissions to only those necessary for their specific role or task. By implementing this principle, organizations minimize the risk of unauthorized access to sensitive data. Users are granted the minimum level of access required to perform their duties, which reduces the chances of accidental or malicious data breaches.

For instance, if an employee only needs access to certain files to perform their job, they should not have broader permissions that could allow them to view, modify, or delete other secure information. This approach limits potential exposure of critical data, as even if an account is compromised, the attacker would only have access to a restricted set of resources.

In contrast to the other options, while encryption, regular software updates, and the use of artificial intelligence can enhance data security, they do not specifically address the need for limiting user permissions. Ensuring that individuals have access only to the data necessary for their functions is a proactive strategy that can significantly bolster an organization's overall security posture.